转载自微信公众号：大智发于心（夕阳老师的新号）

Important! “Do not place guru’s photo together with buddha or bodhisattva images/statues in the middle of the shrine. It is not good for the gurus. Place it on the side /on the wall. ” – Karmapa

重要提示 “不可将上师照片与佛像并列放在佛堂中间，这样对上师不利。请将其放在侧面/墙上。” ~ 噶玛巴

Question to Karmapa: How should we set up a shrine in our homes?
问：我们应该如何在家中设置佛堂？

The Karmapa answers: I’ve always wanted to talk about this subject as many people have asked me how to arrange a shrine.
噶玛巴回答：我一直想谈谈这个问题，因为很多人问我如何布置佛堂。
Some people believe in traditional Chinese Mahayana and some people believe in Tibetan Buddhism,
有的人信仰汉传，有的人信仰藏传

and so in this case, you need to be aware of the different images when you set up a shrine. It is not good to create conflict or have argument over this.
因此，在布置佛堂时需要注意不同的形象。如果因此而产生矛盾或争执就不好了。

These days it is easy to find images of numerous vajrayana deities but we need to be careful, he said.
他说，如今很容易找到各种各样的金刚乘本尊佛像，但我们需要小心。

For example, the protector deities are secret and we should not exhibit them to everyone.Showing them like an advertisement violates the principles of the vajrayana.
例如，护法是很秘密的，不应该向所有人展示。像广告一样展示给所有人，是违反金刚乘原则的。

This is also true for anuttara yoga deities, which should not be displayed to just anybody.
阿努瑜伽的本尊也是如此，不应随意向人展示。

If we want to set up a shrine, we can place on it images of famous deities, such as Shakyamuni Buddha, Amitabha, Avalokiteshvara, Guru Rinpoche, Tara, Bhaisajyaguru （Medicine Buddha）, and Akshobhya.
如果我们想建立一个佛堂，可以放释迦牟尼佛、阿弥陀佛、观世音菩萨、莲师、度母、药师佛和阿閦佛等佛像。

These are all widely recognized and simple. But if we are engaged in a special deity practice, it is better to place the image inside our text or resting it on the text holder.
这些都是广传的佛菩萨，而且很简单。但是，如果我们在做特别的本尊修持，最好将本尊佛像放于经书或者经书支架中。

We also need to pay attention to our teacher’s photo. If you have my photo, please do not place it in the shrine along with images of bodhisattvas. The same is true for other teachers. If you want to have an image of a teacher, then please place the image on a wall nearby. It is not appropriate to place it in the middle of the shrine or mix it with replicas of bodhisattvas.
我们还要注意上师的照片。如果你有我的照片，请不要把它和菩萨像一起放在佛堂里。其他老师也是如此。如果您想要老师的照片，请将其挂在附近的墙上。将其放在佛堂中间或与菩萨像混在一起都不合适。

There are different types of teachers (lamas or gurus): some of them are enlightened and some are not, but they still can be qualified teachers. If you place a photo of teachers who are not enlightened mixed in with images of bodhisattvas, it is not good for the teachers, even though we may see them as being the Buddha.

上师有不同的类型（喇嘛或者上师）：有的已经开悟，有的尚未开悟，但仍然可以成为合格的上师。如果把没有开悟的上师的照片与菩萨像混在一起，对上师是不利的，即使我们把他们视为佛陀。

To illustrate his point, the Karmapa related the story of Maudgalyayana, who along with Shariputra was one of the two most famous disciples of the Buddha.
为了说明他的观点，噶玛巴讲述了目犍连的故事，他和舍利弗是佛陀最著名的两大弟子之一。

Maudgalyayana possessed the six types of higher cognitions, which, among other things, allowed him to move around freely.
目犍连有六种神通，这使他能够自由行动。

One time he went to the hell realms and saw an Indian master who had been reborn there. This master pleaded with him to take a message to his disciples.
有一次，他去了地狱，见到了一位在那里转世的印度大师。这位大师恳求他带个口信给他的弟子们。

They had built a stupa containing the master’s relics and many people were circumambulating it, which caused the master great agony, (especially when buddhists circumambulating it) and so he was requesting them to stop.
他们建造了一座佛塔，里面供奉着上师的舍利，很多人都在绕塔朝拜，这让上师非常痛苦（尤其是佛教徒绕塔朝拜时），因此他请求他们停止。

When Maudgalyayana delivered the master’s message to the disciples, they became incensed: “You do not even know our great master and just want to insult him.”They beat him half dead and not long after that he passed away.
当目犍连把大师的意思传达给弟子们时，弟子们勃然大怒：”你根本不了解我们伟大的上师，只想侮辱他” 他们把他打得半死，不久他就去世了。

How could some one with psychic powers like those of Maudgalyayana end up like this? He remembered that he had beaten someone to death in a past life, creating that same negative karma in this present life.
像目犍连这样拥有神通的人怎么会落得如此下场？他想起了自己前世曾打死过一个人，导致他在今生遭受了同样的果报。

We can see, therefore, that no matter how excellent his psychic power might be, it could never be more powerful than his karma.
因此，我们可以看到，无论他的神通有多好，都难敌业力。

For these reasons, I feel it is better not to place a guru’s photo or name, or for that matter, the names of sponsors, on the shrines.These are not appropriate.
出于这些原因，我觉得最好不要在佛堂上放置大师的照片或名字，或者功德主的名字。这些都是不合适的。

Please pay attention when placing photos and images of tantric deities on the shrine as well.Just as in the Refuge Tree, there are rules about how to place deities in the right order—the Buddha, Dharma, Sangha, guru, yidam deities, dakinis and protectors.
在佛堂上放置密宗本尊的佛像时也请注意。就像在皈依树上一样，佛堂上的佛像也有正确的摆放顺序–佛、法、僧伽、上师、本尊、空行母和护法。

Although all beings are equal, in appearance they need to take their proper places. Of course, when we are arranging our shrine, it is not always possible to consult our teacher, so we need a basic knowledge, a sense of how things should go. Unless your teacher instructed you otherwise, it is safer to place guru’s image on the side.
虽然众生平等，但在显现上，他们需要放在适当的位置。当然，在布置佛堂时，我们不可能总是可以向老师请教，因此我们需要有基本的常识，知道事情应该怎么做。除非你的上师另有指示，否则还是把上师的照片放在边上比较安全。

(Karmapa answered questions from Hong Kong followers on 13.11.2016)
(十七世噶玛巴于2016年11月13日回答香港弟子的提问)